Arterial
The chronic
peripheral arterial disease (CPAD) is a disorder that affects the
arteries of the lower limbs and it is characterized by peripheral
arterial insufficiency due to reduced blood flow to the lower
level. In most cases, the cause is the formation of atheroma or
atherosclerotic plaque within the arterial vessel concerned. This
lesion is characterized by a thickened of the intima (the innermost
layer of the arteries in direct contact with blood) mainly due to
the accumulation of lipid material and proteins that trigger an
inflammatory process with formation of fibrous tissue. On the
atheroma surface can be deposited fibrin, thus facilitating the
formation of thrombi. The most important risk factors are: smoking,
high cholesterol, high levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL),
reduced levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL), diabetes
mellitus, hypertension, obesity, high levels of homocysteine, a
family history of early atherosclerosis.The classification of the chronic peripheral arterial disease is the following.
Arterial disease (I): there may be an absence of symptoms or pain from intense exercise. Here there are paresthesia stress or prolonged maintenance of the upright position, relative atrophy of a limb, feeling of coldness and non-growth of skin appendages.
Arterial disease (II): the exercise, during which the muscles require more oxygen, determines the onset of pain. The typical symptom is the "claudicatio intermittents”: pain, cramps and fatigue during walking. These disorders are more common in the calf, but may also occur at foot, leg, hip or buttocks and then disappear at rest conditions. The progression of the disease is indicated by the reduction of the distance that the patient can walk without symptoms.
Arterial disease (III): there is the pain at rest in the supine position, even at night due to severe neuritis and ischemic hypoxia. Besides the initial pain, there may be changes in the tropism of the skin and complexion, cyanosis, and edema.
Arterial disease (IV): there is a critical ischemia, a marked hypoxia and acidosis, trophic lesions, and finally necrosis.
Oxygen-Ozone Therapy:
Arterial (I): the treatment consists of 2 weekly sessions of Major Autohemotransfusion for 20 total sessions, or, depending on patient’s need and doctor’s opinion, subcutaneous injection for 20 total sessions.
Arterial (II): the treatment consists of 2 weekly sessions of Major Autohemotransfusion for 8-15 total sessions, or, depending on patient’s need and doctor’s opinion, subcutaneous injections for 8-12 total sessions per week.
Arterial (III): the treatment consists of 2 weekly sessions of Major Autohemotransfusion for 10 total sessions, or, depending on patient’s need and doctor’s opinion, 2 weekly sessions of subcutaneous injection for 10 total sessions; and finally, depending on patient’s need and doctor’s opinion, 2 or 3 weekly sessions of direct application with bags (in case of ulcers) for 10 total sessions.
Arterial (IV): the treatment consists of 2 weekly sessions of Major Autohemotransfusion for 12-14 total sessions or 2-3 weekly sessions of direct application with bags in case of ulcers (to be applied for 20 minutes) for 12-14 total sessions.
